Causes and Effects of Delays Some causes of transportation disruptions can be predicted in advance, while others cannot. The following is a list of common causes. Congestion causes delays in boarding and disembarking.
Conflicts with animals
Rescue Activities
Personal Injury Accident
Railroad crossing accidents, cars on the tracks
Vehicle inspection, checking for unusual noises
Failures and inspections in various equipment and facilities, including signaling, communications, and electric power
Deterrence and equipment damage caused by weather conditions such as high winds, heavy rainfall, and snowfall.
Delays in maintenance work, breakdown of maintenance vehicles
If the fire is caused by weather, you may be able to postpone or postpone your trip based on the weather forecast, but it is impossible to predict the kind of accident or breakdown in advance. It is like traffic jams on highways. Depending on the cause of the transportation disruption, it may be possible to resume service immediately, or it may be difficult to resume service. For example, if a moving train hits a deer, the train can be checked to see if there are any problems with the cars and if so, operation can resume. Rescue operations can also be resumed once they are over. On the other hand, delays and suspensions caused by weather are difficult to predict because they are natural phenomena. In addition, equipment breakdowns and inspections often take time to repair or replace. In particular, if a train breaks down and stops on the main line, it must be moved and removed before it can be started. If a fire breaks out along the line and burns out signaling and communication equipment and cables, it will be impossible to operate the line until they are restored. What are the effects of such transportation disruptions? Sometimes the entire line or a section of it is suspended, while other times only a few trains are delayed. However, even a single train delay can cause more delays. When a limited express train overtakes a local train, if the limited express train is delayed, the local train will be delayed because it will be left waiting. If the regular train ahead is delayed, the limited express train coming later will be delayed because it will be held by the head of the regular train. If a down train is delayed on a single-track section, the up train that crosses on the way will be delayed because it will be held up. As mentioned in the 70th issue, waiting for a delayed train to make a connection will also delay the train that is waiting. When a train is stopped due to weather or other reasons, and then resumes service, many trains will start moving at the same time. When this happens, the platform at the terminal station becomes full with trains arriving one after another, and subsequent trains may be forced to wait in front of the station.
What happens when a transportation disruption occurs? To prevent delays from “spreading,” it is common for lines that have direct service with each other to stop the direct service and switch to turnarounds on their own lines. In addition, the stations where trains are waiting or crossing (exchanging trains) may be changed, or the order in which trains depart from a station may be changed in an attempt to stop the spread of delays. Spacing adjustments often occur in large metropolitan areas. When the distance between the delayed train and the train in front of it is too wide, passengers are concentrated on the delayed train, and the delay becomes worse and worse. This is why the preceding train is intentionally delayed to equalize the interval. Since the impact of suspending service on the entire line because of a single line closure would be too great, it is common to try to run trains only where they can be operated. However, the line will have to turn around in the opposite direction at intermediate stations, so whether or not this can be done depends on the track wiring. After that, it is necessary to restore the timetable. In industry parlance, this is called “operation reorganization. As mentioned in the 70th issue, if the delays are within the time allowance, they are not serious, but if the delays go beyond that, something must be done to restore the schedule to its original state. For example, changing the destination. For example, a change of destination: “This train is bound for XX, but for today only, it will be bound for XX. In addition, although the timetable shows only one train, there may be a “car change,” in which passengers are asked to change to a different car at a station en route.
Various Remedies for Delays When a train is delayed significantly, if it runs over a long distance, it will affect a wide range of passengers. Therefore, a train that runs at the same time as the original train may be sent separately from a station along the way. For example, when a down train of the Tokaido Shinkansen bound for Hakata is delayed significantly, a temporary train running at the same time as the original train is sometimes dispatched from Shin-Osaka to run ahead of the original train to Hakata (of course, sometimes in the opposite direction). In this case, there are two “Nozomi X” trains at the same time, but they are numbered differently, so there is no confusion in operation management.
Bus substitute service is also available in metropolitan areas where there are routes of other companies that are conveniently located parallel to each other, but what if there are no such routes? Bus substitution is often used when there is an accident, disaster, or construction work that causes a section of the route to be closed. As of this writing in November 2024, the Rikuu-Nishi Line (Shinjo to Yome) is one example of a long-term bus replacement service due to construction. When a freight train derailed on the Hakodate Main Line due to a rail rupture, bus substitution was used between Choumangu and Hakodate from the next day until restoration. However, while this is better than nothing, it clearly reduces transportation capacity and takes more time than rail transport. When bus substitution occurs, it is better to consider changing the schedule or route if possible.
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